Бывшие простушки: как выглядели звезды до операций

Кэтрин Зета-Джонс

Среди немалого списка услуг, оказанной Кэтрин пластическими хирургами, — блефаропластика, коррекция скул и мимических морщин. Но, пожалуй, самым удачным вмешательством пластического хирурга стало изменение формы носа. Ринопластику, как и другие операции, британская актриса отрицает. Но результат налицо: от прошлого, весьма внушительного носа, не осталось и следа.

Блейк Лайвли

Американская актриса и фотомодель Блейк Лайвли обращалась к пластическим хирургам для подтяжки груди, коррекции век и носа. Отметим, что ринопластика превратила актрису в совершенно другого человека и явно пошла на пользу ее карьере. Из обычной милашки — в роковую суперзвезду.

Алена Шишкова

Алена Шишкова — изначально обладательница достаточно аккуратных черт лица. Но контурная пластика и пластическая хирургия позволили ей превратиться в женщину-вамп (если так можно выразиться о голубоглазой блондинке). Главное, умеренность, с чем Алена старается справляться. Всего по чуть-чуть: точеный нос, скулы и более пухлые губы. Хотя губы можно оставить пожить своей жизнью хотя бы год — объем выглядел бы более естественным.

Тайра Бенкс

Супермодель афроамериканского происхождения Тайра Бенкс начала свою карьеру еще задолго до посещения пластического хирурга. В 15 лет Тайра снялась для обложки журнала, а через два года дебютировала на подиуме. Уже на волне своего успеха Тайра «подкорректировала» нос, сделав его более утонченным, изменив спинку и крылья. Ей к лицу!

Меган Фокс

В отличие от многих знаменитостей Меган Фокс не отрицает вмешательства пластического хирурга в свою внешность. Актриса сделала 3 ринопластики, увеличила губы, скорректировала скулы, подбородок и грудь. У Меган очень выразительные глаза, но все-таки даже они не вытянули бы ее внешность до уровня «безупречна». А вот после пластики она стала кумиром миллионов.

Кайли Дженнер

Сестры Кардашьян-Дженнер известны своей любовью к пластическим операциям. И младшая Кайли к своему 21 году уже сделала булхорн-пластику, ринопластику, маммопластику, а также многочисленные инъекции и подтяжки. После преображения Кайли основала бренд косметики и сама рекламирует свою продукцию. О популярности красотки говорит ее «Инстаграм»: за жизнью и брендом девушки следят почти 132 миллиона подписчиков.

Белла Хадид

Белла Хадид начала увлекаться пластикой еще в совсем юном возрасте. Для начала Белла скорректировала форму носа. Далее проводились удаление комков Биша, блефаропластика, подтяжка лица (овал стал четким). Коррекция внешности помогла девушке в достижении высот: в 22 года Белла — мировая топ-модель, с которой сотрудничают лучшие дома моды. Но Белла, несмотря на яркие перемены, отрицает помощь пластических хирургов.

Лера Кудрявцева

Российская телеведущая активно прибегает к «уколам красоты» и поддерживает свою молодость. Из операций по коррекции внешности очевидна ринопластика. Крупный нос Леры преобразился и стал пропорционален остальным чертам лица. Итог: кукольная внешность и неувядающая красота — выглядит гармонично и изящно.

Анна Хилькевич

Анна Хилькевич в Инстаграм-аккуанте, а также в многочисленных интервью, активно доказывает отсутствие хирургического вмешательства. Тем не менее преображение актрисы очевидно, и поклонники не верят ее оправданиям. Объемные губы и более утонченные черты лица: Анна — яркий пример того, что всё хорошо в меру. Незначительные изменения во внешности украсили актрису, она стала выглядеть эффектнее, да и моложе.

Ханна

Еще до похода к пластическому хирургу Ханна уверенно участвовала в конкурсах красоты. Так, в 2009 году девушка заняла первые места в конкурсах «Мисс Чувашия», «Мисс Аполлон» и «Мисс Волга». Победа и признание не остановили девушку, и сейчас она выглядит совсем иначе. Пухлые губы, аккуратная форма носа, выразительные скулы — «стандартный пакет» пластических операций, который никого еще не сделал хуже. Внешность стала ординарной? Да. Выглядит ли это симпатично? Пожалуй!

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47 пластических операций ради естественной красоты: история одной упрямой женщины

Текст: Кристина Перекрестова

Фото: Getty Images, REX, Persona Stars, Instagram

Источник

90000 Top 25 Celebrities Before And After Plastic Surgery And Nose Jobs 90001 90002 Does not the entertainment industry seem incredibly glamorous and mesmerizing to us from afar? As spectators, we only see the frivolous side of the industry — the perfect faces with their splendid lives. But we overlook the dark side, meaning their obsession with appearance that comes rather naturally by being a part of this world. Cosmetic surgeries like nose jobs, lip fillers, and botox, have become customary and common among celebrities and is now widely accepted in their world.90003 90004 Celebrity Plastic Surgery Transformations 90005 90002 We have a list of 25 A-list Bollywood and Hollywood celebrities who have made some sort of tweaks to their natural features and have gone under the knife in a bid to look perfect. Some of these are flawless and unerring, but a few have gone awfully wrong. Let’s take a look! 90003 90008 Bollywood Actresses Before And After Plastic Surgery 90009 90010 1. Priyanka Chopra 90011 90002 One of the most popular Bollywood actresses who has now made her mark even in Hollywood and the former Miss World has transformed from ‘the-girl-next-door’ into the ‘hottest diva’ of B-town.Over the years, she has undergone a whole lot of surgeries from her nose to her lips, and it has turned out to be marvelous for her career. She has never accepted undergoing any surgery as such, but she also has not rejected making use of other enhancements such as injections, lip fillers, and other treatments. 90003 90008 2. Anushka Sharma 90009 90002 Anushka Sharma became a victim of controversy over her new lips. Her plumpy lip pout became an «issue of concern» for common people, but she gracefully and openly accepted that her fuller lips were, in fact, a result of a lip enhancing tool.She also wanted her fans to know that she’s only human and not perfect. However, Anushka Sharma has always been pretty and has had a rather successful career, and this did not make any significant difference to her career-wise. We appreciate the honesty! 90003 90008 3.Vaani Kapoor 90009 90002 The ‘Shuddh Desi Romance’ actress caught everyone’s attention after the trailer of her most recent film ‘Befikre’ came out in 2016. She seemed to have joined the cosmetic surgery bandwagon with a whole lot of change in her chin, lips and her face structure.There was something soft and real about her natural look before this big change was made, but Vaani Kapoor did not seem to accept the supposed «rumors», saying she owed all the changes to her tremendous weight loss and asked the audience to reason with her change. 90003 90008 4. Shruti Hassan 90009 90002 The gorgeous actress has been very open about undergoing a nose surgery; however, she clarifies that it was for medical reasons as she had trouble breathing. She had a common disorder involving a deviating septum, and she revealed on Big CBS Love’s show India’s Glam Diva that she went through a septoplasty.She was also rumored to have gotten a lip job, but Shruti rubbished the rumors saying what she does with her body is her own business and that she is not answerable to the trolls. That’s the way to go, girl! 90003 90008 5. Sridevi 90009 90002 The yesteryear actress looks way younger than her real age owing to the many plastic surgeries that she underwent with varying results. Although her fans consider her to be an evergreen beauty since her flicks like Chandni and Naagin, the actress has had a very evident nose job and botox besides the face-lifting and body-tucking procedure.Sri Devi slammed these allegations saying that women over 40 should look after themselves and do what makes them desirable. 90003 90008 6. Shilpa Shetty 90009 90002 The Big Brother winner is one of India’s most famous and high-profile celebrities. Even though Shilpa Shetty is in her 40s, the actress has maintained herself and her incredibly toned body. She underwent two nose jobs that not only did wonders for her looks but also for her career. She has been open about it and says that it’s no big deal.Her sharp nose now balances out her features perfectly! 90003 90008 7. Aishwarya Rai 90009 90002 The former Miss World who’s considered to be among the most beautiful women in the world was in the thick of controversy regarding her undergoing plastic surgery procedures. Reports suggested that she had lip fillers, facial fillers, a nose job and cheek implants done. There is a whole lot of difference in her appearance since she initially started her career and in her present look. However, the actress has never publicly admitted to going under the knife.We can not stop admiring her gorgeousness despite all the speculation. 90003 90008 8. Nargis Fakhri 90009 90002 Nargis Fakhri used to be a contestant on America’s Top Model, and gradually she made her way into Bollywood with the romantic drama ‘Rockstar’ in 2011. During her younger years, the actress and model had thinner lips . She now has a mouth looking poutier than ever, and some feel that she has taken the duck-face trend a little too far. There is a remarkable change in her appearance, but she does look fabulous.90003 90008 9. Aditi Rao Hydari 90009 90002 She may not be as popular as her Bollywood contemporaries, but Aditi Rao Hydari is sure as hell stunning. She underwent a nose job, and now her nose looks thinner and straighter. It has added refinement and definition to her face. However, we believe it’s still early to decide whether this move to tweak her features helped her career in any way. 90003 90008 10. Katrina Kaif 90009 90002 Katrina Kaif is one of the most popular celebrities in India, and she has been subjected to several plastic surgery rumors, although she has never publicly admitted to getting anything done.However, if you compare her initial pictures with the recent ones, you will see a significant change in her appearance. The most common speculations include her possible nose job and the use of cheek and lip fillers. 90003 90008 11. Kangana Ranaut 90009 90002 The ‘queen of controversy’ — Kangana Ranaut seems to have changed tremendously since her debut in the Bollywood film ‘Gangster.’ Her lips now look fuller, and her face looks more lifted than before. She denied the rumors saying her pout was the result of an allergy to shellfish which caused a reaction.However, the actress does not need to resort to surgeries to be a success in Bollywood. She has incredible talent and acting skills that have helped her get to the top! 90003 90008 12. Preity Zinta 90009 90002 The bubbly actress of B-town who is now 42 seems to have undergone a botox surgery and cheek fillers. Although she denies having any cosmetic alterations done, there’s an evident change in her initial pictures and the present ones, and it suggests that she went in for several corrective procedures.Despite any of it, there’s no way; one can dislike Preity — she’s just too adorable an actress who has given us some truly memorable films. 90003 90008 13. Jhanvi Kapoor 90009 90002 www.glamcheck.com, gettyimages 90003 90002 The word on the street is that 90063 Dhadhak 90064 actress, Jhanvi Kapoor, got her nose, lips, and jawline done in different surgeries. Jhanvi had a broad nose, which is now much sharper and slimmer owing to a rhinoplasty that did wonders for her. She is also said to have gotten a lip job that made her pout fuller.Finally, if you look closely, you will notice that she has also fixed her jawline to make it look more chiseled and angular. 90003 90008 14. Karisma Kapoor 90009 90002 She still stands to be one of the most gorgeous actresses in Bollywood and belongs to one of the most prestigious families in the industry. This beauty did not need any tweaks to her already stunning features but she went ahead to get a nose job and a lip surgery to enhance her appearance. However, the Kapoors are blessed with good genes, and Karisma is no less! 90003 90008 15.Bipasha Basu 90009 90002 The Bengali beauty is rumored to have undergone several cosmetic procedures like a botox and a nose job. Her features now look more sharp and defined and the dusky beauty looks more glamorous than ever. The actress has not publicly accepted her going under the knife but girl, it’s more than obvious! Besides, you need not be ashamed of your personal choices. 90003 90002 90075 [Read: Stunning Looks of Bollywood Celebrities in Saree] 90076 90003 90004 Hollywood Celebrities Before And After Plastic Surgery 90005 90002 We all know that Hollywood is obsessed with plastic surgery and these are some of the most popular celebrities who got work done on themselves.90003 90008 16. Kylie Jenner 90009 90002 Kylie Jenner is one woman who does not look enough like Kylie Jenner. Her cosmetic surgeries have transformed her into a new person. She has taken the duck-face pout to a whole different level, and now she has a fuller mouth owin g to «super natural» lip injections and fillers. Her new and improved pout has launched her billion dollar beauty empire, and all odds seem to be in her favor. 90003 90008 17. Megan Fox 90009 90002 The Transformers star has gone through an incredible beauty transformation throughout her career.Initially, Megan looked like a slightly plain Jane version of herself, but now she has an exaggeratedly sexy vibe about her facial features. She is currently considered to be one of the hottest women in the world, and her career seems to be booming, just as well! 90003 90008 18. Lindsay Lohan 90009 90002 Lindsay Lohan is one actress who’s plastic surgery was a disaster. She has gone under the knife on more than a couple of occasions especially after she went through her traumatic drug phase. Her career has been very successful ever since she was a child artist in Hollywood.Now, at 31, Lohan looks like she’s older than her age despite all the botox and other cosmetic surgeries that she has undergone. 90003 90008 19. Angelina Jolie 90009 90002 The iconic beauty and ‘Girl, Interrupted’ star, Angelina Jolie had both great genes and a great plastic surgeon to further enhance her already beautiful face. Her nose job involved reducing the sizes of her tip cartilages which made it smaller. But we can not deny the fact that Jolie has always been gorgeous. Go back to her 16-year-old pictures, if you’re looking for proof! 90003 90008 20.Jennifer Aniston 90009 90002 The leading lady of the famous TV show 90063 Friends 90064 has not had much work done and yet she still looks like the ‘Rachel Green’ we remember from back in the day. Aniston has had work done for her deviated septum. «I had a deviated septum fixed — best thing I ever did,» she told People Magazine in 2007. «I slept like a baby for the first time in years. As far as all the other rumors, as boring as it sounds, it’s still mine. All of it. Still mine. » 90003 90002 Well, either way, she seems to have defied time with her timeless beauty.90003 90008 21. Courteney Cox 90009 90002 We’ve all seen her on television for over a decade on the famous sitcom ‘F.R.I.E.N.D.S’ as Monica Gellar, and we know how gorgeous she used to be. She is now unrecognizable, and she looks rather made up. The 51-year-old Courteney has admitted to having botox done, and she also regrets her decision very much. 90003 90008 22. Nicole Kidman 90009 90002 The Oscar-winning actress has evidently undergone plastic surgery, and plastic surgeons have called her the «Poster Child of Botox.»Her features have completely transformed, and she now looks very different. However, Kidman has always been very open about trying a multitude of things to maintain her youthful appearance. 90003 90008 23. Pamela Anderson 90009 90002 The once-upon-a-time stunning Baywatch beauty Pamela Anderson is unrecognizable with her new face. She has gone under the knife way too many times and went straight from being sexy to scary! She now has lip fillers as well as facial fillers in her cheeks. She also had botox and breast implants besides all the other jazz and destroyed her beautiful natural features.90003 90008 24. Joan Rivers 90009.90000 Plastic pollution facts and information 90001 90002 90003 Photograph by Randy Olson, Nat Geo Image Collection 90004 90003 Read Caption 90004 90003 Children play on the shore of Manila Bay in the Philippines, which is polluted by plastic waste. 90004 90003 Photograph by Randy Olson, Nat Geo Image Collection 90004 90003 90012 Much of the planet is swimming in discarded plastic, which is harming animal and possibly human health.Can it be cleaned up? 90013 90004 90003 Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues, as rapidly increasing production of disposable plastic products overwhelms the world’s ability to deal with them. Plastic pollution is most visible in developing Asian and African nations, where garbage collection systems are often inefficient or nonexistent.But the developed world, especially in countries with low recycling rates, also has trouble properly collecting discarded plastics. Plastic trash has become so ubiquitous it has prompted efforts to write a global treaty negotiated by the United Nations. 90004 90003 90012 90019 How did this happen? 90020 90013 90004 90003 Plastics made from fossil fuels are just over a century old. Production and development of thousands of new plastic products accelerated after World War II, so transforming the modern age that life without plastics would be unrecognizable today.Plastics revolutionized medicine with life-saving devices, made space travel possible, lightened cars and jets-saving fuel and pollution-and saved lives with helmets, incubators, and equipment for clean drinking water. 90004 90003 The conveniences plastics offer, however, led to a throw-away culture that reveals the material’s dark side: today, single-use plastics account for 40 percent of the plastic produced every year. Many of these products, such as plastic bags and food wrappers, have a lifespan of mere minutes to hours, yet they may persist in the environment for hundreds of years.90004 90003 90012 90019 Plastics by the numbers 90020 90013 90004 90033 90034 Half of all plastics ever manufactured have been made in the last 15 years. 90035 90036 90033 90034 Production increased exponentially, from 2.3 million tons in 1950 to 448 million tons by 2015. Production is expected to double by 2050. 90035 90036 90033 90034 Every year, about 8 million tons of plastic waste escapes into the oceans from coastal nations. That’s the equivalent of setting five garbage bags full of trash on every foot of coastline around the world.90035 90036 90033 90034 Plastics often contain additives making them stronger, more flexible, and durable. But many of these additives can extend the life of products if they become litter, with some estimates ranging to at least 400 years to break down. 90035 90036 .90000 10 Plastic Pollution Facts That Show Why We Need To Do More 90001 90002 A man takes photos of piles of garbage washed on shore at the Zouq Mosbeh costal town, Lebanon, Jan. 22, 2018. Environmentalists say a winter storm has pushed a wave of trash onto the Lebanese shore, stirring outrage over a waste management crisis that has choked the country since 2015. 90003 Hussein Malla / AP 90004 90005 Plastic is terrible for the environment. David Attenborough and the Blue Planet II team really brought the issue home — and now, brilliantly, we hear about it all the time.90004 90005 Countries and cities around the world are banning plastic use left, right, and centre, and the call for the end of single-use plastics is at an all-time high. 90004 90005 90010 Take action: Call on Governments and Business Leaders to Say No to Single-Use Plastics 90011 90004 90002 Stores such as Iceland and Ikea have introduced plastic bans that will go into effect within the next couple of years. Meanwhile, plastic straws and cutlery have been targeted by numerous retailers, including McDonald’s in the UK, and having a plastic bag is enough to land you in jail in some countries.90004 90005 Some governments and organisations are doing their part to reduce plastic use and better the environment, but as everyday consumers, it’s important for you to know how and why the end of plastic use is so vital. 90004 90005 90010 Read more: US and Japan Refuse to Sign G7 Pact Against Plastic Pollution 90011 90004 90005 Here are some lesser-known facts about plastic you really need to know. 90004 90023 90010 1. Since the 1950s, around 8.3 billion tons of plastic have been produced worldwide.90011 90026 90005 According to a report from the Guardian, an estimated 8.3 billion tons of plastic have been produced since the 1950s — that’s equivalent to the weight of more than 800,000 Eiffel Towers. 90004 90005 And only 9% of it has been recycled. 90004 90002 via GIPHY 90004 90023 90010 2. In some parts of the world, using plastic is already illegal. 90011 90026 90005 Kenya introduced one of the world’s toughest laws against plastic bags in 2017. Now, Kenyans who are caught producing, selling, or even using plastic bags will risk imprisonment of up to four years or fines of $ 40,000 (£ 31,000).90004 90005 Other countries that have banned, partially banned, or taxed single-use plastic bags include China, France, Rwanda, and Italy. 90004 90005 You can find about other countries and cities that have brought in extraordinary 90042 plastic bans here. 90004 90005 90010 Read More: Eight months on, is the world’s most drastic plastic bag ban working? 90011 90004 90023 90010 3. 73% of beach litter worldwide is plastic. 90011 90026 90005 According to National Geographic, 73% of all beach litter is plastic.90042 The litter includes filters from cigarette butts, bottles, bottle caps, food wrappers, grocery bags, and polystyrene containers. 90004 90002 via GIPHY 90004 90023 90010 4. A million plastic bottles are bought around the world every minute. 90011 90026 90005 A report by the Guardian found that 1 million plastic bottles are bought around the world every minute, and this number is set to increase by another 20% by дві тисячі двадцять одна if we do not act. 90004 90005 The same report said more than 480 billion plastic drinking bottles were purchased in 2016 across the world — up from 300 billion a decade ago.90004 90005 Additionally, less than half of the bottles purchased in 2016 were recycled — with just 7% of those collected turned into new bottles, and the rest ending up in landfill sites or the ocean. 90004 90023 90010 5. Worldwide, about 2 million plastic bags are used every minute. 90011 90026 90005 This might seem like an unbelievable number, but according to Ecowatch, between 500 billion and 1 trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually. 90004 90005 New Yorkers alone use 23 billion plastic bags every year, according to the New York City Department of Environmental Conservation (which is why it’s so great that the city is getting a ban on grocery bags).90004 90005 90010 Read more: The UK Is Set to Protect a Marine Area 8 Times the Size of Greater London 90011 90004 90005 Bans on plastic bags have already proved to be extremely effective in the countries that have them. In the UK, for example, the introduction of a 5p plastic bag charge introduced in 2015 has brought about an 83% reduction in plastic bag use. 90004 90005 While Britain still produces 1.3 billion plastic bags a year, according to a government report in April 2017, the fall in use marks significant progress.90004 90002 via GIPHY 90004 90023 90010 6. 90% of plastic polluting our oceans is carried by just 10 rivers. 90011 90026 90005 According to World Economic Forum researchers, just 10 rivers across Asia and Africa carry 90% of the plastic that ends up in the oceans. 90004 90005 The study states that eight of these rivers are in Asia: the Yangtze, Indus, Yellow, Hai He, Ganges, Pearl, Amur, and Mekong. Two of the rivers can be found in Africa: the Nile and the Niger. 90004 90005 The WEF added that the two things all the rivers named have in common is a high population living in the area, as well as a poor waste management system.90004 90023 90010 7. Plastic is killing more than 1.1 million seabirds and animals every year. 90011 90026 90005 A study conducted by the University of Queensland in Australia, based on data collected since the late 1980s, found that Green sea turtles now ingest twice the plastic they did 25 years ago. 90004 90005 According to the United Nations, ingestion of plastic kills an estimated 1 million marine birds and 100,000 marine animals each year. 90004 90002 Additionally, more than 90% 90042 of all birds and fish are believed to have plastic particles in their stomach.It’s because plastic breaks up into tiny pieces in the sea, which are then consumed by fish and other sea animals. 90004 90002 Research from Plymouth University has found that close to 700 species of marine life are facing extinction due to the increase of plastic pollution. 90042 90004 90002 via GIPHY 90004 90023 90010 8. The average person eats 70,000 microplastics each year. 90011 90026 90005 That works out to about 100 bits of microplastic over the course of just one meal, according to a study published in Environmental Pollution.90004 90002 A team of UK-based researchers put petri dishes with sticky surfaces next to dinner plates in three homes in the UK. After just 20 minutes, the dishes accumulated an average of 14 microplastics. 90004 90005 90010 Read more: Hong Kong Looks to Install ‘Reverse Vending Machines’ to Help Curb Plastic Waste 90011 90004 90023 90010 9. The average time that a plastic bag is used for is … 12 minutes. 90011 90026 90005 Yep, that’s right — they’re used for an average of 12 minutes and then take up to a thousand years to decompose.90004 90005 90010 Read More: How To Fight Our Plastic Problem. 90011 90004 90002 via GIPHY 90004 90023 90010 10. Over the past 50 years, world plastic production has doubled. 90011 90026 90005 While increasing numbers of organisations and countries are banning plastic use and production, the world’s leading plastic manufacturers are planning to increase production by almost a third over the next five years, according to the World Economic Forum. 90004 90005 In 1974, global plastic consumption per year was 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds) per capita. Today, this has increased to 43 kilograms (about 95 pounds) — and this number is still set to increase. 90004 90005 If plastic consumption increases at its current rate, according to National Geographic, by 2050 there will be 12 billion metric tons of plastic in landfills. 90004 90005 90146 Image: Flickr: Alan Levine 90004 90005 Global Citizen campaigns to achieve the UN’s Global Goals to end extreme poverty by 2030. These goals include action on improving life on land and life below water, as well as creating communities and cities that are sustainable.90149 Y 90150 90010 ou can join us by taking action here. 90011 90004.90000 10 Reasons Why Plastics are Bad for the Environment 90001 90002 They litter our coasts, seas, towns, cities, woodlands and forests. No matter how far you travel you are more than likely to find some plastic waste. As well as an ugly annoyance, they’re extremely damaging to the environment, keep reading to find out specifically, why plastics are bad for the environment, our wildlife and ourselves. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90007 90007 90003 90010 90002 90003 90013 1. They Take a Very, Very, Very Long Time to Decompose 90014 90002 If you asked anybody: «90016 Why are plastics bad for the environment? 90017 «, you’d likely get a response with something along the lines of:» 90016 Because they do not decompose very easily 90017 «.The truth is, that’s not wrong. It’s probably the biggest concern of most environmentalists. 90003 90002 Depending on the type of plastic, for it to fully break down and disappear off the face of the earth it can take anywhere between 450 and тисячі years. 90003 90002 To put that in perspective, if humanity had been using plastics through the millennia, there’s a good chance we’d find waste from the time that William the Conqueror reigned over England. 90003 90002 90003 90027 90027 90002 Why Plastics are Bad: It Can Take Anywhere Between 450-1000 Years for Plastic to Degrade 90003 90002 90003 90013 2.They’re So Cheap 90014 90002 Usually, you would not think that something being inexpensive was a bad thing, would you? 90003 90002 But, the problem is plastic is so cheap that it’s extremely hard to convince manufacturers to swap to an alternative biodegradable packaging. These alternatives can vary in costs, but to have biodegradable packaging can be 2-10 times more expensive than plastic. 90003 90002 90003 90013 3. They’re Hard to Replace 90014 90002 Okay, so this sort of goes hand-in-hand with the last point about them being a lot cheaper.But as well as being cost-effective, plastics are very durable and strong. This is just another reason for manufacturers not wanting to move away from plastics. 90003 90002 90003 90013 4. They’re Impossible to Destroy 90014 90002 Now obviously the law of thermodynamics dictates that nothing can actually be destroyed, it can only be broken down and restructured. Regardless, actually being able to dispose of the plastics is somewhat difficult. 90003 90002 One way most would have thought of to get rid of plastics after their use may be to burn them.Doing this, however, produces harmful pollutants that will only make our current emission nightmare that much worse. Different types of plastics will produce different kinds of emissions. Some like PVC for example, produce incredibly toxic dioxins that can kill humans who inhale it. 90003 90002 90003 90013 5. They’re Ugly 90014 90002 It may seem superficial, but like the argument against wind turbines; they are unsightly. 90003 90002 Just look at this beach: 90003 90061 90061 90002 Why Plastics are Bad: The Mess They Make of Beaches 90003 90002 Being absolutely littered with plastic waste, this beach gives a «do not visit» vibe to it.90003 90002 90003 90013 6. They’re Made From Unsustainable Products 90014 90002 Coal, crude oil and natural gas are the common products used to manufacture plastics. Currently, the public opinion towards non-renewables in the energy and transport sectors is mixed at best. Therefore, it’s probably safe to assume that the majority of the public would agree that this use of coal, oil and gases for plastic manufacturing is unnecessary. 90003 90002 90003 90013 7. They’re Invisible 90014 90002 Another reason why plastics are bad, completely the opposite of the previous point.They are sometimes so small that they can not be seen without a microscope. 90003 90002 You may recall the UK government putting a ban on micro plastics within toiletries like toothpaste, body scrubs and lotions. The decision came as these microplastics were washed down the drains into aquatic ecosystems and posing a big risk to the wildlife there. 90003 90002 90003 90013 8. They Kill Animals 90014 90002 All you need to do is Google «plastic killing animals» to see the physical damage they do.You’ll notice the majority of the affected animals tend to be sea creatures like turtles, seals, and seabirds. 90003 90087 90087 90002 Why Plastics are Bad: They Kill Animals 90003 90010 90013 9. They’re Eaten By Animals 90014 90002 Being caught up and choked is not the only way they harm and kill wildlife. Another factor contributing to why plastics are bad is when they’re directly ingested by animals thinking that they’ve been lucky to find a tasty morsel. 90003 90002 Often times, things like plastic bags floating in the water can easily be mistaken as a wandering jellyfish.This is where animals like sea turtles, whales and dolphins in particular suffer. A great documentary called A Plastic Whale that was put on Sky this year investigated the death of a whale which was found with its stomach filled with plastic packaging. 90003 90002 90003 90100 90100 90002 Why Plastics are Bad: They Resemble Food 90003 90002 This is not to say that only the larger marine fauna is suffering. Microplastics as small as a few micrometres are being consumed by planktonic organisms at the lowest levels of the food chain.90003 90002 90003 90013 10. They’re Eaten By Us 90014 90002 So in case, the damage being caused to the environment is not enough. Odds are whenever you enjoy a meal with seafood in it, there’s a good chance that you’re eating traces of plastics. 90003 90002 In fact, Plymouth University carried out a study which found that a third of UK caught fish contained plastic inside them. 90003 90002 Worryingly, the study also found that upon ingestion, the plastics are able to release chemical contaminants.Whether these contaminants pose a significant risk to our health is still not fully understood. Though it is thought that some of these reactions are attributable to causing rapid cell divisions within nearby cells which can lead to tumours and ultimately cancer. 90003 90002 90003 90013 What Now? Is There Any Hope? 90014 90002 We’ll try our best not to end on too much of a gloomy note, so without further ado … 90003 90002 There is! Hooray! 90003 90002 Okay, whilst things are looking quite dire at the moment and possibly for the future, there are some good takeaways from this.For instance, In 2016 it was reported that Sweden’s recycling programme has been so successful that it has to import rubbish to keep its recycling plants running. Every year, since 2011, less than 1% of their countries household waste is being sent to landfill. 90003 90002 Whatever, they’re doing, it should be something for the rest of the world to copy. Right? 90003 90002 Whilst the answer is yes, it should be noted that Sweden is an environmentally-conscious and wealthy country. This matters because it’s going to be much harder to replicate this success in other much poorer countries where recycling and the environment is a far cry from their top priority.To start, we need the wealthiest and most authoritative countries to copy this initiative and lead by example. Only when the smaller countries recognise this importance being prioritised by larger and wealthier ones will it inspire and encourage the need to follow. 90003 90013 What You Can Do 90014 90002 Before we hope for mass change from whole countries, it’s probably best to start at an individual level. So, to make a positive impact on the fight against plastic here are some practical tips to get you started: 90003 90002 -ALWAYS re-use your carrier bags whenever you go shopping, or better yet, purchase a reusable (non-plastic) bag .90003 90002 -Whenever possible buy a more degradable alternative. For instance, instead of plastic straws, choose paper ones. 90003 90002 -ALWAYS recycle your waste into the proper bins. 90003 90002 -Get involved with organised beach cleans, better yet, organise your own. Meetup is a great website for organising events with like-minded individuals. 90003 90002 -Get involved with charity campaigns like The Plastic Challenge that the Marine Conservation Society are promoting. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 Check out our previous article 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003.